Ants
are social insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the
related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the mid-Cretaceous period between 110 and 130 million years ago and diversified after the
rise of flowering plants.
More than 12,500 out of an estimated total of 22,000 species have
been classified. They are easily identified by their elbowed antennae and
distinctive node-like structure that forms a slender waist.
An
ant can lift 20 times its own body weight. Ants don’t have ears. Ants “hear” by feeling vibrations in the ground through
their feet. When ants fight, it is usually to the death. Ants do help the
environment. They are social insects , which mean they live in large colonies
or group. Depending on the species, ant colonies can consist of millions of
ants.
There
are three kinds of ants in a colony : the queen, the female workers and males.
The queen and the males have wings, while the workers don’t have wings. The
queen is the only ant that can lay eggs. The male ant’s job is to mate with
future queen ants and they do not live very long afterwards. Once the queen
grows to adulthood, she spends the rest of her life laying eggs! Depending on
their species, a colony may have one queen or many queens. Some queen ants can
live for many years and have millions of babies!
Ant
colonies also have soldier ants that protect the queen, defend the colony,
gather or kill food, and attack enemy colonies in search for food and nesting
space. If they defeat another ant colony, they take away eggs of the defeated
ant colony. When the eggs hatch, the new ants become the “slave” ants for the
colony. Some job of the colony include taking care of the eggs and babies,
gathering food for the colony and building the anthill or mounds.
1.
The
new ants have the same job as the soldier ants; it is … .
A.
protecting
the queen
B.
gathering
food for the colony
C.
taking
away eggs of the colony
D.
taking
care of the eggs and babies
2.
From
the text we can conclude that … .
A.
ant
is a strong animal
B.
ants’
habitat is in our house
C.
male
ant can live longer than female
D.
a
colony always has more than one queen
3.
What
is paragraph 3 about ?
A.
Kinds
of ants in a colony.
B.
The
feature of the ants.
C.
The
queen’s job.
D.
The
male’s job.
4.
The
underlined word in “ If they defeat another ant colony …” means … .
A.
beat
B.
drop
C.
lose
D.
mislay
Butterflies
exhibit polymorphism, mimicry and aposematism.
Some, like the Monarch, will migrate over long distances. Some butterflies have evolved
symbiotic and parasitic relationships with social insects such as ants. Some
species are pests because in their larval stages they can damage domestic crops
or trees; however, some species are agents of pollination of some plants, and caterpillars of a few butterflies
(e.g., Harvesters) eat harmful insects. Culturally, butterflies are a
popular motif in the visual and literary arts.
5. What is the best title of the
text above ?
A. Insects
B. Lepidoptera
C. Butterflies
D. Moths
6. Why are some butterfly species
pests? Because … .
A. they will migrate over long
distances
B. they have evolved symbiotic and
parasitic relationship
C. in their larval stages they can
damage domestic crops or trees
D. they are a popular motif in the
visual and literary arts
7. “ Butterflies exhibit
polymorphism , …”
The underlined word has the
similar meaning with the word … .
A. show
B. perform
C. skill
D. compete
The etymological origins of the
word are from the early 16th century, from Middle English catirpel, catirpeller, probably an
alteration of Old North French catepelose: cate,
cat (from Latin cattus) + pelose, hairy (from Latin pilōsus).
Most caterpillars have tubular,
segmented bodies. They have three pairs of true legs on the three thoracic
segments, up to four pairs of pro-legs on the middle segments of the abdomen, and often a single pair of pro-legs on the last abdominal
segment. There are ten abdominal segments. The families of lepidoptera differ
in the numbers and positioning of the pro-legs. Some caterpillars are fuzzy
(which means they have hair) and they are most likely to cause itching of the
hands if touched.
Caterpillars grow through a
series of moults; each intermediate stage is called an instar. The
last moult takes them into the inactive pupal or chrysalis stage.
Like all insects, caterpillars
breathe through a series of small openings along the sides of their thorax and
abdomen called spiracles. These branch into the body cavity into a network of
tracheae. A few caterpillars of the family Pyralidae
are aquatic and have gills that let them breathe underwater.
Caterpillars have about 4,000
muscles (compare humans, with 629). They move through contraction of the
muscles in the rear segments pushing the blood forward into the front segments
elongating the torso. The average caterpillar has 248 muscles in the head
segment alone.
8. The writer writes the text in
order to …
A. entertain the readers.
B. describe a certain caterpillar.
C. retell about caterpillar.
D. explain caterpillar in general.
9. What does the last paragraph tell
you about ?
A. Caterpillars have about 4,000
muscles.
B. Caterpillars grow through a
series of moults
C. Most caterpillars have tubular,
segmented bodies
10. How many abdominal segments does caterpillar
have ?
A.
10
B.
4
C.
3
D.
2
11. How do a few caterpillars of the
family Pyralidae breathe underwater ?
A. By true legs
B. Using gills
C. Using spiracles
D. By pro-legs
Frogs are amphibians in the order Anura (meaning "tail-less", from Greek an-, without
+ oura, tail), formerly referred to as Salientia (Latin salere
(salio), "to jump"). Most frogs are characterized by a short
body, webbed digits (fingers or toes), protruding eyes and the absence of a tail. Frogs are widely known as exceptional jumpers, and many of the anatomical characteristics of frogs, particularly their long,
powerful legs, are adaptations to improve jumping performance. Due to their
permeable skin, frogs are often semi-aquatic or inhabit humid areas, but move
easily on land. They typically lay their eggs in puddles, ponds or lakes, and their larvae, called tadpoles, have gills and develop in water. Adult frogs follow a carnivorous diet, mostly of arthropods, annelids and gastropods. Frogs are most noticeable by their call, which can be
widely heard during the night or day, mainly in their mating season.
The distribution of frogs ranges
from tropic to subarctic regions, but most species
are found in tropical rainforests.
Consisting of more than 5,000 species described, they are among the most
diverse groups of vertebrates. However, populations of
certain frog species are declining
significantly.
A popular distinction is often
made between frogs and toads on the basis of their appearance, but this has no
taxonomic basis. (Members of the anuran family Bufonidae are
called true toads, but many species from other families are also called toads.)
In addition to their ecological importance, frogs have many cultural roles,
such as in literature, symbolism and religion, and they are also valued as food
and as pets.
12. What does the text talk about ?
A. Reptiles
B. A kind of Amphibian
C. Frogs
D. A group of vertebrates
13.
In
the following are the characteristics of frogs, EXCEPT … .
A.
short
body
B.
webbed
digits (fingers or toes)
C.
a
carnivorous diet
D.
protruding
eyes and the absence of a tail.
14.
From
the text we know that … .
A.
frogs
and toads are the same
B.
frogs
have many cultural roles
C.
population
of frogs are increasing
D.
frogs
are invertebrate
Turtles
belong to an old group of reptiles that go back to the time of the dinosaurs.
Today there are about 250 different types of turtles. The turtle is an animal
that moves very slowly, but some sea turtles can move faster.
Turtles
can be found all over the world, except in very cold areas. Most of them live
in fresh water, but some types live in salt water or on land. Turtles haven’t
changed very much since they first came to earth about 200 million years ago.
Some are very small and weigh very little – about 0,5 kg. Others can be up to 2
meters and weigh about 700 kg.
A
turtle’s body is surrounded by a hard shell that protects its organs. Many
turtles can pull their head, legs and tails into the shell. It is very strong
and can support a weight that is much greater that the turtle itself. Turtles
don’t have teeth, they tear apart food with their beaks. They have powerful
legs and short feet. Turtle can see, taste and smell but they cannot hear very
well. Most turtles eat plants and sea animals, like worms, snails, insects,
jellyfish or mussels. They can survive for a long time without food. But when
they see food they eat a lot and can grow very fat.
15.
What
part of the turtle’s body is hard ?
A.
Legs
B.
Tail
C.
Feet
D.
Shell
16.
Turtles
are not really good at … .
A.
seeing
B.
tasting
C.
smelling
D.
hearing
17.
“Turtles
don’t have teeth they tear apart food with their beaks.” (paragraph 3)
The underlined phrase means … .
A.
swallow
B.
crush
C.
take
D.
touch
18.
What
does the text tell us about ?
A.
Turtle
in general.
B.
An
old group of reptiles.
C.
Freshwater
turtle.
D.
Some
sea turtles.
The Maleo, macrocephalon maleo, is a kind of bird.
It has a medium-sized (approximately 55 cm long). It has a reddish – orange
beak and rosy salmon under parts. The crown is ornamented with a black helmet
casqued. The grayish blue feet have four long sharp claws, separated by a
membranous web. The sexes are almost similar with a slightly smaller and duller
female.
The Maleo is usually
found in the Sulawesi. It lives in the tropical lowland and hill forests, but
it nests in the open sandy areas, volcanic soils or beaches. In this place
their eggs are heated by the sun for incubation. The Maleo’s egg is large,
about five times the domestic chicken’s
eggs. The female lays and covers each egg in a deep hole in the sand and allows
the incubation to take place through solar or volcanic heating. After the eggs
hatch, the young birds work their way up through the sand and hide in the
forest. When the young birds are able to fly and are totally independent, they
must find food and defend themselves from predators such as lizards, pythons,
wild pigs or cats. The Maleo is monogamous, and members of a pair stay close to
each other all the time. Its diet consists mainly of fruits, seeds, ants,
termites, beetles and other small invertebrates.
19.
Why
does a Maleo nest in the sandy areas ? Because … .
A.
a
Maleo lives in the beaches
B.
it
wants to protect their eggs
C.
a
young Maleo can’t live without sand
D.
their
eggs need the heat of the sun for incubation.
20.
From
the text above we can conclude that Maleo’s male is … than female.
A.
more
beautiful
B.
smarter
C.
bigger
D.
faster
21.
“
… they must find food and defend themselves…”
The underlined word refers to … .
A.
all
Maleos
B.
young
Maleos
C.
Maleo’s
eggs
D.
Maleo’s
predators
22.
What
is the purpose of the text above ?
A.
To
inform a Maleo in general.
B.
To
describe the way a Maleo lays its eggs.
C.To tell about a rare bird.
D.
To
explain the uniqueness of Maleo.
Moth and butterflies are very much alike in
appearance. There are many of each that have beautifully-colored wings.
Moths have thicker bodies than the
slender butterflies. There is another major difference. Butterflies like fluttering
around in warm sunshine. So, too, do several kinds of moths but most of them
fly at night.
It is reckoned that although
there are about sixty species of butterflies in Britain and over two thousand
species of moths, throughout the world there are more than a hundred thousand
species of moths.
The life cycle of moths and
butterflies is very similar. Both lay eggs (from one hundred to three
thousand), from which emerge caterpillars. The caterpillars become pupae before
changing into delicate winged insects.
Moths lay their eggs on the
leaves of plants. After a month the eggs
hatch into caterpillars. The caterpillar’s first meal is the eggshell from
which it has emerged. It then feeds on the leaf and the rest of the plant. It
reminds a caterpillar for about two months, and is a pupa for the same length
of time.
23.
The text
belongs to … .
A. procedure
B. report
C. narrative
D. descriptive
24. What is the main idea of the first paragraph
?
A. Moths lay their eggs on the leaves of plants.
B. The life cycle of moths and butterflies is
very similar.
C. Moths
have thicker bodies than the slender butterflies.
D. Moth and butterflies are very much alike in
appearance.
25. How many species of moths are there
throughout the world ?
A. about 60.
B. over 200
C. more than 2000
D. about 100.000
26. What is the caterpillar’s first meal ?
A. the leaf
B. the rest of the plant
C. pupa
D. eggshell
27. The
following statements are true about
moths , EXCEPT … .
A. Butterflies like fluttering around in warm
sunshine.
B. The life cycle of moths and butterflies is
very similar.
C. The caterpillars become pupae before changing
into delicate winged insects.
D. Moths lay their eggs on the rest of plants.
28. “It
is reckoned that although there
are about sixty species
of butterflies in Britain.”
The underlined word has the similar meaning with the following words,
except … .
A. grade
B. group
C. kind
D. type
A hurricane
is a big tropical storm in the Atlantic Ocean. There are tropical storms in the
Pacific and Indian Ocean, too, but here they’re called typhoons or cyclones.
Hurricanes start over the ocean, and they happen in late summer when the water
is warm.
When a
hurricane is photographed by a satellite, it looks like a giant doughnut. The
centre of hurricane is called ‘the eye’.
There is no wind here. The strong winds are pulled round the eye by rotation of
the earth.
A hurricane
is formed over the ocean, but then it’s blown towards the islands of the
Caribbean and the coasts of Central and North America. The winds can reach
over 220 km/h, so hurricanes can be very
dangerous. Buildings are damaged. Trees, bridges and power lines are blown down. Every year hundreds of
people are killed by hurricanes.
Most of
damage is done on islands and along the coast. A lot of damage is caused by the
sea because huge waves are created by
the strong winds. The waves are blown onto the land, and cities, villages and
fields are flooded. However, hurricanes and typhoons also do some good things. Over
half the rain in Japan is brought by typhoons.
Hurricanes
are caused by heat. Scientists believe that if global warming increase, we will
see many more hurricane each year.
29. What is the text about ?
A.
Typhoons.
B.
Cyclones.
C.
Hurricanes.
D.
Tropical Storms.
30. The first paragraph is … of hurricanes.
A.
identification
B.
description
C.
definition
D.
orientation
31. When do hurricanes happen ?
A.
in winter
B.
in tropical climate
C.
in late summer
D.
in late winter
32. The second paragraph tell us about … .
A.
when hurricanes happen
B.
the explanation of hurricanes
C.
why hurricanes happen
D.
how hurricanes look like
33. The following statements are correct
based on the text, except … .
A.
hurricanes happen in certain area
B.
hurricanes is the same as typhoons
C.
hurricane is like a giant doughnut
D.
mostly hurricanes give positive effect for
people
Dragonfly is
a common name for any member of an order of predaceous aquatic insects. It is
characterized by an elongate body, agile flight, and two roughly equal pairs of
membranous wings. The order is divided into two suborders, the dragonflies and
the damselflies. The dragonflies hold their wings spread when resting , while
the damselflies hold their wings together above the body when resting. In both
groups, the wings are unable to disengage and fold down as in most other
insects. About 5,900 species are known. Dragonflies are found in all temperate
and tropical regions of the world.
The adult head consists largely
of the compound eyes; the antennae are short and hair-like. Mouthparts are
adapted for biting and for scooping prey from the air. Dragonflies do not have
stingers, and they do not bite humans. The legs are located far forward on the
body and are used mainly to grasp a resting spot such as a twig. Most species
of dragonflies have wingspreads of 5 to 8 cm, but wingspreads of tropical
species may reach 20 cm.
Most dragonflies simply drop
their eggs into the water or attach them to the stems of aquatic plants.
Damselflies and a few dragonflies deposit elongated eggs in slits that they
make in the stems of plants at or below the waterline. The eggs develop into
nymphs that spend their life entirely submerged, feeding on other aquatic
animals. Dragonflies and damselflies undergo incomplete metamorphosis during
their development. Damselfly nymphs are generally more slender than dragonfly
nymphs and are further distinguished by three banner-like gills at the end of
the abdomen. Dragonflies may remain in nymphal
form from one to three or more years; during this period, the nymph
molts ten or more times. Nymphs crawl out of the water just before their final
molt and become winged adults.
34. What does the text tell us about ?
A. To
explain dragonfly in general.
B. The
importance of dragonfly.
C. To
describe a certain dragonfly.
D. The
metamorphosis of dragonfly.
35. The first paragraph is … of the text.
A.
identification
B. general
classification.
C.
orientation.
D.
reorientation.
36. What is the function of the dragonfly’s legs?
A. To grasp
a resting spot
B. To walk
on the ground.
C. To find
some food.
D. To help
it fly.
A galaxy is a
collection of stars and other astronomical bodies, including planets, comets,
and asteroids, held together by gravity.
There are many different physical forms and
measurements of galaxies. These include the spiral, barrel-spiral and
elliptical. Our galaxy, called the Milky Way, is approximately 100,000 light
years in width and contains over 100 billion stars.
The center of galaxies can contain many
young, very hot stars as well as older
stars. Swirling clouds that have been
energized by magnetic forces also exist in the center.
At this point in time, no one knows the exact
number of galaxies in the universe. Astronomers are, however, learning more and
more about them every day.
(Adapted from Text Types in English 3,
Macmillan Australia)
37.The text tells us about … .
A.
planet
B.
gravity
C.
galaxy
D.
astronomer
38.The main idea of the second paragraph is …
.
A.
a galaxy
only contains billions of stars
B.
Milky Way is
extremely large and wide
C.
galaxies
come in different shapes and sizes.
D.
the form of
our galaxy is spiral and elliptical
39.
From the
text we know that … .
A.
there is no
gravity works in galaxies
B.
the universe
is unlimited in size
C.
scientists
know the number of galaxies
D.
stars are
held together by magnetic force
When
ancient Greeks studied the heavens they observed points of light which seemed
to move back and forth against the background of apparently fixed stars. These
moving lights shone steadily and didn’t twinkle like the stars. The Greeks called these heavenly bodies’
planets, meaning ‘wandered’. We know that the planets are those bodies , like
the Earth, which resolve around the star, the Sun. Planet do not give out light
of their own, but get their light from the Sun including the Earth.
There are
nine planets in our solar system that is revolving around our Sun. In sequence,
moving away from the Sun, they are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. The first four are known as the Inner Planets and are mainly
solid. Mercury is the smallest of the planets; Venus can be seen as the Evening
Star in the western sky; Mars seems red even to the naked eye. The others are
known as the Outer Planets and the first
four are composed mainly of gases but Pluto is believed to be solid. Jupiter is
the largest of all planets, about 1,000 times as big as Earth, and has twelve
satellites; Saturn is surrounded by three beautiful rings; Uranus has five
satellites and Neptune two; Pluto was only discovered in 1930.
40.
What does
the text talk about ?
A.
The heavenly
bodies.
B.
The planets.
C.
The star
D.
The sun
41.
What is the
main idea of the last paragraph ?
A.
The sun is
our solar system.
B.
There are
nine planets revolving the Sun.
C.
There are
four outer planets.
D.
The inner
planets is in our solar system.
42.
Which of the
planets is composed mainly of gases ?
A.
Venus
B.
Mars
C.
Pluto
D.
Saturn
43.
“There are
nine planets in our solar system that is revolving around our Sun.”
The
underlined phrase means … .
A.
approaching
B.
rotating
C.
touching
D.
closing
Vultures are
the biggest birds on earth. When they fly, their wings can stretch up to 185 cm
almost 2 meters wide, but they have a small head. Vultures are carnivores, they
eat meat. They even eat lions, the king of the jungle! Vultures only eat the
meat of dead animals. The most command vultures today are the Turkey Vultures.
They have a red head like a turkey’s head.
Vultures are
usually black with grey feathers that look like a silver lining in the sun.
When they fly, their wings form a V-shape because they do not open their wings.
Vultures do
not hunt. They just wait until an animal is dead, or they wait until lions or
other animals finish eating. Vultures also eat decaying flesh or dead
animals. That’s why they are called
scavenger birds. They can smell decaying meat from a distance.
Vultures
prefer to eat the meat of herbivore animals, because it is more nutrious . But
if they can not find meat, vultures eat insects or worms. Sometimes, when
necessary, they also eat certain plants. When they are in danger, vultures would vomit their semi
digested meat ! The strong smell of the
vomit will make their enemies go away.
44.
The text
tells about … .
A.
birds
B.
vultures
C.
scavenger
birds
D.
the biggest
birds
45.
Vultures are
called … .
A.
the king and
the authority of the forest.
B.
the biggest
and the scavenger birds.
C.
the
carnivores and herbivores birds.
D.
Red head and
black feathers.
46.
What is the
main idea of paragraph 4 ?
A.
All birds
are scavenger birds.
B.
Vultures can
kill lions.
C.
Vultures do
not hunt.
D.
Vultures
like hunting.
47.
“ … Vultures
are carnivores …”
What does
the underlined word mean?
A.
Eating the
meat of the dead animals.
B.
Eating the
other remnants.
C.
Flesh-eating
animals.
D.
Eating
animals.
Pharmacists are the professionals who
dispense medicine to the patients, as prescribed by the medical expert. In most
of the cases, the experienced pharmacists can even prescribe some better drugs
and medicines to the patients. One of the most important pharmacists job descriptions
is the management of medicines and drugs
in health care units and hospitals. The pharmacist job description also
includes assisting the patients , advising the medical experts and helping the
patients by recommending the right
medicine.
Some of the job duties of a pharmacist are as
follows; give advice and assist
doctors or
surgeons in matters relating to dosages and prescriptions to the patient.
Monitor and analyze the health of the patient, with respect to the drugs that
have been given to the patient. Answer the queries of the patients about the
probable side effects and benefits of the drug therapy. Seek immediate help
from the doctor in case the drug shows some side effects on the patient.
Recommend drugs to visitors with minor ailments.
48.
What does
the text tell us about ?
A.
A pharmacist
B.
A drug therapy
C.
A medical
expert
D.
A doctor and
surgeon
49. Which one is usually done by a pharmacist ?
A.
Giving
immediate help to the patients.
B.
Recommending
better drugs to patients.
C.
Helping
surgeon while doing an operation.
D.
Giving drugs
to patients with major ailments.
50. Who has responsibility to recommend drugs to
visitors with minor ailments?
A.
A doctor
B.
A surgeon
C.
A pharmacist
D.
A medical
expert
51. What is the main idea of paragraph 2 ?
A.
There are
some duties of a pharmacist.
B.
A pharmacist
recommends drugs to the patient.
C.
A pharmacist
and doctor work cooperatively.
D.
Doctor and
surgeon give prescriptions to the
patient.
Doctors make
people healthier. When people get sick, doctors figure out why. They examine
people, listen to them describe their health problems, and do tests to see what
is wrong. They give people medicine and other kinds of treatment. They also
give advice about diet, exercise, and sleep.
There are
many kinds of doctors. Family and general
practitioners are often the first doctors that people go to when they get sick.
These doctors treat common problems. They also send patients to other doctors,
called specialists. Specialists are
experts in specific types of health problems. For example, internists focus on problems with
internal organs. Pediatricians care
for children and babies. Surgeons perform
operations, like fixing broken bones or transplanting organs.
Most doctors
are doctors of medicine (M.D). They treat all kinds of diseases and injuries.
Some doctors are doctors of osteopathic medicine (D.O). They focus on muscles
and bones.
Many doctors
work long hours, at all times of day and night. About 3 out of 10 physicians
worked more than 60 hours a week in 2008. But doctors who work in small offices
often have more time off. Doctors sometimes have to rush to the hospital to
deal with emergencies.
52.
What is
called a doctor who deals with certain types of diseases ?
A.
A family
doctor.
B.
A general
practitioners.
C.
A specialist
doctor
D.
An
internists
53. What is the main idea of the second paragraph ?
A.
Different
kinds of doctors treat different disease.
B.
People
usually go to family and general practitioners.
C.
Specialists
are experts in specific types of health problems.
D.
Internists
focus on problems with internal organs.
54.
From the
text we can conclude that people will go to family and general practitioners …
they go to specialists.
A.
before
B.
after
C.
when
D.
during
55. “ They focus on muscles and bones.”
What does
the underlined word indicate to ?
A.
doctors of
medicine
B.
osteopathic
medicine
C.
surgeons
D.
internists
.jpg)